Concept-based important MCQs: Environmental Science

Welcome to the COMPETITIVE EXAM MCQs SERIES of ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE for UGC-NET/JRF, SLET, ARS, GATE, and other entrance tests.

Concept-based important MCQs are primarily based on the syllabus of UGC-NET/JRF, SLET, and GATE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. Each chapter contains 25 MCQs with a single correct answer.

Unit-1: Fundamentals of Environmental Sciences

1. Structure and Composition of the Atmosphere
2. Laws of thermodynamics
3. Meteorological parameters
4. Interaction between Earth, Humans and Environment
5. Resources and their assessment
6. Bio-geographic provinces of the world
7. Agro-climatic zones of India
8. Principles of Remote Sensing and GIS
9. Environmental education and awareness
10. Environmental ethics
11. Concept of sustainable development

Unit-2: Environmental Chemistry

1. Fundamentals of Environmental Chemistry
2. Composition of air
3. Chemical speciation
4. Hydrological cycle
5. Water as a universal solvent
6. Inorganic and organic components of soils
7. Biogeochemical cycles
8. Toxic chemicals
9. Airborne Carcinogens
10. Principles of Analytical Methods

Unit-3: Environmental Biology

1. Fundamentals of Ecology
2. Origin of life and speciation
3. Ecosystem Structure and Functions
4. Ecological Succession and Species Diversity
5. Basis of Ecosystem Classification & Biomes
6. Population ecology
7. Community ecology
8. Biodiversity and its conservation
9. Concept of Industrial Ecology
10. Environmental Biotechnology

Unit-4: Environmental Geosciences

1. Origin of Earth
2. Concept of Minerals and Rocks
3. Geophysical Fields
4. Weathering
5. Identification and Characterization of Clay Minerals
6. Earth’s Thermal Environment and Seasons
7. Geochemical Classification of Elements
8. Hydrogeology and Hydrology
9. Natural Resources Exploration and Exploitation
10. Natural Hazards

Unit-5: Energy and Environment

1. Solar Energy and Environmental Resilience
2. Fossil Fuels and Environmental Costs
3. Shale Oil, Coal Bed Methane and Gas Hydrates
4. Hydropower, Tidal and Thermal Energy
5. Nuclear Fission and Fusion Energy
6. Nuclear Reactors and Environmental Harmony
7. Biomass and Bioenergy
8. Environmental Implications of Energy Use
9. Exploitation of Renewable Energy Resources

Unit-6: Environmental Pollution and Control

1. Air Pollution and Control
2. Sampling and Monitoring of Air Pollutants
3. Noise Pollution and Control
4. Water Pollution and Control
5. Measurement of Water Quality Parameters
6. Drinking Water Treatment
7. Analysis of Soil Quality
8. Soil Microorganisms and their Functions
9. Radioactive, Thermal and Marine Pollution

Unit-7: Solid and Hazardous Waste Management

1. Characterization of Solid Waste
2. Solid Waste Collection and Transportation
3. Solid Waste Processing and Recovery
4. Electrical Energy from Solid Waste
5. Disposal of Solid Wastes
6. Hazardous Waste
7. Hazardous Waste Management
8. e-Waste Management
9. Sources, Composition and Utilization of Fly Ash
10. Sources and Management of Plastic Waste

Unit-8: Environmental Assessment, Management, and Legislation

1. Environmental Impact Assessment
2. Environmental Impact Statement
3. Environmental Management Plan
4. Risk Assessment
5. Environmental Laws in India
6. National Forest Policy
7. National Water Policy
8. National Environmental Policy
9. Environmental Conventions and Agreements
10. Environmental Governance by IPCC, UNEP and IGBP

Unit-9: Statistical Approaches and Modelling in Environmental Sciences

1. Attributes and Variables
2. Measurement of Central Tendency and Dispersion
3. Moments and Their Relation to Skewness and Kurtosis
4. Concepts of Probability Theory
5. Basics of Sampling Theory
6. Statistical Distributions (Normal, log-normal, Binomial, Poisson, t, 2 and F-distribution)
7. Significance and Confidence Limits
8. Approaches to the Development of Environmental Models
9. Models of Population Growth and Interactions

Unit-10: Contemporary Environmental Issues

1. Global Environmental Issues
2. National Action Plan on Climate Change
3. International Efforts for Environmental Protection
4. Environmental Issues Related to Water Resource Projects
5. Water Conservation-development of watersheds
6. Rainwater harvesting and Groundwater recharge
7. National River Conservation Plan
8. Climate change
9. Forest Conservation and wildlife conservation projects
10. Waste Management
11. Environmental Disasters

Disclaimer

The questions in this MCQ practice set are formulated to foster a fundamental grasp of key concepts and for practice. It’s important to note that answers may differ based on contextual factors, time constraints, and individual interpretation. Furthermore, occasional inaccuracies in answer key marking can occur due to human error. Thus, it is advisable to cross-verify your responses with a trusted textbook or reference source. The authors of this practice set cannot be held liable for any discrepancies or errors.

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